Pediatric Cranial Tumors
1. Overview
Pediatric cranial tumors are abnormal growths in the brain or skull that occur in infants, children, and adolescents. These tumors can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous) and may affect critical functions like movement, vision, memory, and behavior. Early diagnosis and expert management are essential to ensure the best possible neurological outcomes and quality of life.
2. Types
We diagnose and treat a wide range of brain tumors in children, including:
- Medulloblastoma
- Glioma (Low-grade & High-grade)
- Astrocytoma
- Ependymoma
- Craniopharyngioma
- Brainstem tumors
- Congenital brain tumors
Each type requires a specialized approach in pediatric neuro-oncology and neurosurgery.
3. Causes & Risk Factors
The exact cause of most pediatric brain tumors is not always known, but possible factors include: Genetic syndromes or mutations Abnormal cell growth in the brain Exposure to radiation (rare cases) Developmental abnormalities Understanding the underlying cause helps guide the right treatment strategy.
4. Signs & Symptoms
Symptoms of cranial tumors in children can vary depending on tumor size and location.
Common Symptoms Include:
- Persistent headaches (especially morning headaches)
- Nausea and vomiting
- Vision problems
- Balance and coordination issues
- Seizures
- Behavioral or personality changes
- Delayed growth or puberty (in some tumors)
In infants, signs may include increased head size or bulging soft spot (fontanelle).
5. Diagnosis
Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment of childhood brain tumors.
Diagnostic Methods:
- MRI Brain (Gold standard)
- CT Scan
- Neurological examination
- Biopsy (to determine tumor type)
- Molecular and genetic testing
Advanced imaging helps in precise tumor localization and treatment planning.
